Target Cells

HOT LIPS

Haemoglobinopathy, Obs jaundice, Thallasaemia
Liver abscess, Iron def., Polycythaemia, Sideroblastic anaemia

Lymphoma treatment

Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
ABVD

• Adriamycin
• Bleomycin
• Vinblastine
• Dacarbazine

Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
R-CHOP

• Rituximab
• Cyclophosphamide
• Hydroxydaunorubicin
• Oncovin (Vincristine)
• Prednisolone

Splenomegaly causes

CHINA

• Congestion – portal hypertension
• Haematological – haemolytic anaemia, sickle cell disease
• Infection – malaria, EBV, CMV, HIV
• Neoplasm – CML, myelofibrosis, lymphoma
• Autoimmune – RA, sarcoidosis, amyloidosis

Causes of Massive splenomegaly (three M’s):

• chronic Myeloid leukaemia
• Myelofibrosis
• Malaria

Haemolytic anaemia haematological features

BLUHR

• Biliburin, unconjugated (INCREASE)
• Lactate dehydrogenase (INCREASE)
• Urinary urobilinogen (INCREASE)
• Haptoglobin (DECREASE)
• Reticulocytosis and polychromasia

Microcytic anaemia causes

FAST

• Fe (iron) deficiency
• Anaemia of chronic disease (can also cause normocytic anaemia)
• Sideroblastic anaemia
• Thalassaemia

Immediate complications of blood transfusion

BAFTA

• Bacterial contamination
• Anaphylaxis / Allergic reaction
• Fluid overload
• Transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI)
• ARDS (this is basically TRALI due to anti-leukocyte antibodies from donor plasma)

Haematology & Oncology

Macrocytic Anaemia Macrocytic Anaemia Leaves Big Fat Reticulocytes
Myxoedema, Alcohol, Liver disease, B12 def., Folate def., Reticulocytosis

Target Cells HOT LIPS
Haemoglobinopathy, Obs jaundice, Thallasaemia
Liver abscess, Iron def., Polycythaemia, Sideroblastic anaemia

Multiple Myeloma BAHRAIN UV
Bone pain, Anaemia, Hyper Ca2+, Renal failure, Amyloidosis, Infection, Neuropathy
(hyper) Uricaemia / viscosity

Suspect malignancy in melanoma BITCHES
Bleeds, Irregular / Itch, Tender, Colour change, Halo, Enlargement, Satellite lesions

Tumours which spread to bone PUBLIK T
Prostate, Uterine, Breast, Lung, Intestine (stomach), Kidney, Thyroid

WBC Count:

 

"Never Let Monkeys Eat Bananas"

"60, 30, 6, 3, 1"

Neutrophils 60%
Lymphocytes 30%
Monocytes 6%
Eosinophils 3%
Basophils 1%

Complications of Injectable anti-coagulants Heparin

"HOT"
H : Haemorrhage
O : Osteoporesis
T : Thrombocytopenia

Drugs implicated in causing myeloid neoplasm -

BCDEF
Busulfan
Cyclophosphamide, Cisplatin
Daunorubicin, Doxorubicin
Etoposide
Fludarabine

International Color Coding IV Canula (size order)!

Oh God. Why Goku Punched Bulma Yesterday.

Orange 14 G
Grey 16 G
White 17 G
Green 18 G
Pink 20 G
Blue 22 G
Yellow 24 G

Blood clotting factors

"Foolish People Try Climbing Long Slopes After Christmas Some People Have Fallen"


Factor I = Fibrinogen
Factor II = Prothrombin
Factor III = Tissue factor
Factor IV = Calcium
Factor V = Labile factor
Factor VI - Does not exist as it was named initially but later on discovered not to play a part in blood coagulation.
Factor VII = Stable factor
Factor VIII = Antihemophilic factor A
Factor IX = Antihemophilic factor B or Christmas factor (named after the first patient in whom the factor deficiency was documented)
Factor X = Stuart Prower factor
Factor XI = Antihemophilic factor C
Factor XII = Hageman factor Factor
XIII = Fibrin stabilising factor

Blood clotting factors

"Foolish People Try Climbing Long Slopes After Christmas Some People Have Fallen"


Factor I = Fibrinogen
Factor II = Prothrombin
Factor III = Tissue factor
Factor IV = Calcium
Factor V = Labile factor
Factor VI - Does not exist as it was named initially but later on discovered not to play a part in blood coagulation.
Factor VII = Stable factor
Factor VIII = Antihemophilic factor A
Factor IX = Antihemophilic factor B or Christmas factor (named after the first patient in whom the factor deficiency was documented)
Factor X = Stuart Prower factor
Factor XI = Antihemophilic factor C
Factor XII = Hageman factor Factor
XIII = Fibrin stabilising factor

Macrocytic anemia: causes

ABCDEF:

Alcohol + liver disease
B12 deficiency
Compensatory reticulocytosis (blood loss and hemolysis)
Drug (cytotoxic and AZT)/ Dysplasia (marrow problems)
Endocrine (hypothyroidism)
Folate deficieny/ Fetus (pregnancy)