Pericardial effusion :
it may be transudate,exudate,pyopericardium or haemopericardium.
CAUSES-
1.TB
2.viral-coxsackie B,mumps,varicella,rubella
3.postmyocardial infraction syndrome
4.SLE,rheumatiod arthritis
5.acute MI
6.rheumatic fever
7.uraemia
8.maliganat disease
9.hypothyroidism
10.trauma
11.radio therapy
CLINICAL SIGN-
1.increase in cardiac dullness on percussion
2.heart sound are faint or muffled
3.in a large effusion,there may area of dullness and tubular breathing at the angle of left scapula,resulting from compression of lung(ewart's sign)
INVESTIGATION-
1.CHEST RADIOGRAPHY
2.FLUOROSCOPY
3.ELECTROCARDIOGRAM
4.DIAGNOSTIC PARACENTOSIS & FLUID ANALYSIS
TREATMENT-
1.therapeutic paracentesis with aspiration of effusion
2.anti inflammatory drug like aspirin
3.treatment underlying cause
4.neoplastic condition-chemotheropy
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