Please note: normal values may differ between hospitals. This is simply a guide.
Full blood count
- Haemoglobin
- Male = 13-18g/dL
- Female = 11.5-16g/dL
- Mean corpuscular (cell) volume (MCV) = 76-96fL
- Mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) = 27-31pg
- White cell count (WCC) = 4-11×10^9/L
- Platelet count = 150-400×10^9/L
Serum biochemistry
- Sodium = 135-145mmol/L
- Potassium = 3.5-5mmol/L
- Chloride = 95-105mmol/L
- Urea = 2.5-6.7mmol/L
- Creatinine = 70-150umol/L
- eGFR = >90
- Glucose (fasting) = 3.5-5.5mmol/L
- Calcium = 2.12-2.65mmol/L
- Phosphate = 0.8-1.4mmol/L
- Bicarbonate = 22-28mmol/L
- Uric acid = 0.18-0.42mmol/L
- Protein (total) = 60-80g/L
- Albumin = 35-50g/L
- Bilirubin = 3-17umol/L
- Osmolality = 280-296mosmol/L
- T4 = 70-140mmol/L
- TSH = 0.5-5.7mU/L
Enzymes
- Alkaline phosphatase = 30-150iU/L
- Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) = 5-35iU/L
- Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) = 5-35iU/L
- Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) = 70-250iU/L
- Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT)
- Male = 11-51U/L
- Female = 7-33U/L
- Creatine kinase = 25-195iU/L
- Troponin T = <0.1ug/L
Tests for clotting
Three tests are normally carried out to assess clotting:
1) Platelet count
- Deficiencies in platelets cause purpura (3-10mm)
2) Prothrombin Time (PT)
- Normal = 12-15s
- Measures extrinsic pathway and factors V, VII and X
- Prolonged in vitamin K deficiency
- Used to monitor anticoagulation with warfarin
- International Normalised Ratio (INR)
- Patient’s PT / Reference standard
- e.g. 30 / 12 = 2.5 INR
3) Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT)
- Measures intrinsic pathway and factors V, VII-XII
- Used to monitor anticoagulation with heparin
- Prolonged in haemophiliacs
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